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Traditional Besom Broom
History:
In Ireland, the besom, or witches broomstick, was
sometimes called a “Faery’s Horse.” Today,
“jumping the broom” has become an important aspect of
Pagan Handfastings, symbolizing the transition from the Maiden
phase of life to that of the Mother. It also became a symbol of
Samhain because of its fertility symbolism. The broomstick is a
phallic symbol used by female witches in fertility rites, and it
is from this idea that the witches of Halloween ride broomsticks.
The sweeping end was traditionally made of herbs.
Traditionally, the broomstick is made of a limb
from an ash, hazel or pine tree. The World Tree, which connects
the world of the living and various realms of spirits, can be
identified with the Yggdrasil of Norse Mythology, the Sacred Ash
upon which Odin hung crucified for nine days and nine nights
before receiving the Sacred Runes. It can also be recognized as
the May Pole entwined with ribbon in the spring, and it is also
the Witch’s Broomstick at Halloween.
Using this broomstick, or Faery’s Horse
with its shaft of ash, the Witch traditionally rides up the
chimney of her hut and over the Moon to the spirit realms on
Halloween night.
Besoms are quite often seen in shops, but these
differ from the Wizarding besom in one important respect. Shop
bought brooms nearly always have a metal binding and a cheap
machined handle. A traditional besom is constructed purely of
natural materials gathered from the local area.
The material for the brush is the most varied
part of a besom, and there is much regional variation here. In
many parts of Scotland heather is used.
The Handle is ‘handmade’ from hazel,
ash or pine, which has been cut and allowed to mature for up to
18 months. Once ready to use it is stripped of its bark and honed
into shape by hand. Birch is used to form the broom head which is
cut in the sap free months and stored in airy, damp free
conditions for up to 18 months. The brooms should last a good
while if stored in the correct conditions. The besom itself takes
only a short while to make, but the preparation takes a whole
year to complete.
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Some folklore of the besom an old English
Saying: “Buy a broom in May, and you will sweep your
friends away.”
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In Welsh Tradition among the Gypsies, there was
an old custom of the broomstick wedding. The couple solemnized
their rites before witnesses by jumping over a broom placed in a
doorway, without dislodging it. To dissolve the marriage, they
had to reverse the process, jumping backwards out of the house,
over the broom, before the same witnesses.
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An old Yorkshire belief: should a young girl
inadvertently step over a broom handle she will become, a mother
before she becomes a wife.
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In Sicily, on Midsummer’s Eve, a broom is
placed outside the home to ward off any wickedness that might
come knocking.
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Never sweep after the sunset, or fear chasing
away happiness or hurting a wandering soul.
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Brooms laid across the doorways are believed to
keep evil out.
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Never use a broom when there is a dead person
in the house.
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Never bring old brooms into new houses, as a
broom becomes attached to houses so, leave the old one
behind.
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Never walk on a broom.
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Never use a broom to sweep outside the house,
unless the inside of the house is cleaned first.
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If you sweep under someone’s feet tell
them that you will dance at their wedding. Otherwise they will
have bad luck.
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A new broom should sweep dirt out of a house
only after it has swept something in.
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